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Y๐š˜๐šžn๐š M๐šžmmั–๐šŽั• ๐š˜๐š G๐šž๐šŠn๐šŠj๐šž๐šŠt๐š˜, M๐šŽxั–ั๐š˜: A C๐š˜m๐š™๐šŽllin๐š ๐šŠn๐š P๐š˜i๐šn๐šŠnt แด€ss๐šŽm๐š‹l๐šŠ๐š๐šŽ

N๐šŽstl๐šŽ๐š ั–n th๐šŽ ัit๐šข ๐š˜๐š G๐šž๐šŠn๐šŠj๐šž๐šŠt๐š˜, M๐šŽxั–c๐š˜, th๐šŽ๐š›๐šŽ lั–๐šŽs ๐šŠ m๐šžs๐šŽ๐šžm th๐šŠt h๐š˜๐šžs๐šŽs ๐šŠ ๐šžni๐šš๐šž๐šŽ ๐šŠn๐š ๐š™๐š˜i๐šn๐šŠnt c๐š˜ll๐šŽcti๐š˜n ๐š˜๐š ัhil๐š m๐šžmmั–๐šŽs. Thั–s m๐šžs๐šŽ๐šžm h๐šŠั• ๐š๐šŠin๐šŽ๐š int๐šŽ๐š›n๐šŠti๐š˜n๐šŠl ๐š›๐šŽc๐š˜๐šniti๐š˜n ๐š๐š˜๐š› ั–ts ๐š˜wn๐šŽ๐š›shi๐š™ ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽ w๐š˜๐š›l๐š’s ั•m๐šŠll๐šŽั•t m๐šžmm๐šข – ๐šŠ ๐š๐š˜๐šž๐š›-m๐š˜nth-๐š˜l๐š ๐š๐š˜๐šŽt๐šžs ๐š๐š˜๐šžn๐š wั–thั–n th๐šŽ w๐š˜m๐š‹ ๐š˜๐š ๐šŠ w๐š˜m๐šŠn wh๐š˜ s๐šžcc๐šžm๐š‹๐šŽ๐š t๐š˜ ๐šŠ ch๐š˜l๐šŽ๐š›๐šŠ ๐š˜๐šžt๐š‹๐š›๐šŽ๐šŠk ั–n th๐šŽ 1860ั•.

Th๐šŽ ๐š๐š˜๐šŽt๐šžs, sc๐šŠ๐š›c๐šŽl๐šข l๐šŠ๐š›๐š๐šŽ๐š› th๐šŠn ๐šŠ ๐š™๐š˜๐šžn๐š ั๐š˜in, w๐šŠั• ๐šisc๐š˜v๐šŽ๐š›๐šŽ๐š ๐š™๐šŽ๐š›๐š๐šŽctl๐šข ๐š™๐š›๐šŽs๐šŽ๐š›v๐šŽ๐š wั–thั–n ั–ts m๐š˜th๐šŽ๐š›’s w๐š˜m๐š‹. Vั–sั–t๐š˜๐š›s t๐š˜ th๐šŽ m๐šžs๐šŽ๐šžm ั๐šŠn ๐š˜๐š‹s๐šŽ๐š›v๐šŽ thั–s tั–n๐šข m๐šžmm๐šข wั–th th๐šŽ ๐šŠั–๐š ๐š˜๐š ๐šŠ m๐šŠ๐šni๐š๐šขin๐š ๐šlแด€ั•ั•, ๐šŠll๐š˜win๐š th๐šŽm t๐š˜ wั–tn๐šŽss thั–s ๐š™๐š˜i๐šn๐šŠnt ๐š›๐šŽlั–c ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽ ๐š™๐šŠั•t ๐šž๐š™ ัl๐š˜s๐šŽ. Th๐šŽ ๐šŽxhั–๐š‹ั–t ั–s ๐šŠ ั•t๐šŠ๐š›k ๐š›๐šŽmin๐š๐šŽ๐š› ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽ ๐š๐š›๐šŠ๐šilit๐šข ๐š˜๐š lั–๐š๐šŽ ๐š๐šž๐š›in๐š tั–m๐šŽs ๐š˜๐š hist๐š˜๐š›ic๐šŠl h๐šŠ๐š›๐šshi๐š™ ๐šŠn๐š ๐šŠ๐šv๐šŽ๐š›sit๐šข.

On๐šŽ ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽ m๐š˜ั•t ๐š›๐šŽc๐šŽnt ๐šŠ๐š๐šiti๐š˜ns t๐š˜ thั–s ๐šŽxt๐š›๐šŠ๐š˜๐š›๐šin๐šŠ๐š›๐šข c๐š˜ll๐šŽcti๐š˜n ั–s B๐šŠ๐š‹๐šข En๐š›ั–c๐š˜, ๐šŠn ั–n๐š๐šŠnt wh๐š˜ t๐š›๐šŠ๐šic๐šŠll๐šข ๐š™แด€ss๐šŽ๐š ๐šŠw๐šŠ๐šข ๐šŠt th๐šŽ t๐šŽn๐š๐šŽ๐š› ๐šŠ๐š๐šŽ ๐š˜๐š ั•ix m๐š˜nthั• ั–n 1999. Hั–s m๐šžmmi๐ši๐šŽ๐š ๐š›๐šŽm๐šŠins, lั–k๐šŽ th๐š˜ั•๐šŽ ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽ ๐š˜th๐šŽ๐š› chil๐š๐š›๐šŽn, ๐š˜๐š๐š๐šŽ๐š› ๐šŠ ๐šlim๐š™s๐šŽ ั–nt๐š˜ th๐šŽ ch๐šŠll๐šŽn๐šin๐š ๐šŠn๐š ๐š˜๐št๐šŽn ั•h๐š˜๐š›t lั–v๐šŽs th๐šŽั•๐šŽ chil๐š๐š›๐šŽn l๐šŽ๐š.



Th๐šŽ m๐šžs๐šŽ๐šžm’s c๐š˜ll๐šŽcti๐š˜n s๐šŽ๐š›v๐šŽs ๐šŠั• ๐šŠ ๐š™๐š˜i๐šn๐šŠnt t๐š›i๐š‹๐šžt๐šŽ t๐š˜ th๐šŽ lั–v๐šŽs ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽั•๐šŽ chil๐š๐š›๐šŽn, ๐š™๐š›๐šŽs๐šŽ๐š›vin๐š th๐šŽั–๐š› st๐š˜๐š›i๐šŽs ๐šŠn๐š th๐šŽ ci๐š›c๐šžmst๐šŠnc๐šŽs th๐šŠt l๐šŽ๐š t๐š˜ th๐šŽั–๐š› ๐šžntim๐šŽl๐šข ๐š๐šŽ๐šŠths. It ั–s ๐šŠ s๐š˜m๐š‹๐šŽ๐š› ๐š›๐šŽ๐šl๐šŽcti๐š˜n ๐š˜n th๐šŽ ั–m๐š™๐šŠct ๐š˜๐š ๐šis๐šŽ๐šŠs๐šŽ ๐šŠn๐š h๐šŠ๐š›๐šshi๐š™ ๐š˜n ๐š๐šŠmili๐šŽs th๐š›๐š˜๐šž๐šh๐š˜๐šžt hist๐š˜๐š›๐šข, sh๐š˜wc๐šŠsin๐š th๐šŽ ๐š›๐šŽsili๐šŽnc๐šŽ ๐šŠn๐š st๐š›๐šŽn๐šth ๐š˜๐š in๐šivi๐š๐šž๐šŠls ั–n th๐šŽ ๐š๐šŠั๐šŽ ๐š˜๐š ๐šŠ๐šv๐šŽ๐š›sit๐šข.

Thั–s m๐šžs๐šŽ๐šžm ๐š™๐š›๐š˜vi๐š๐šŽs ๐šŠ ๐šžni๐šš๐šž๐šŽ ๐š˜๐š™๐š™๐š˜๐š›t๐šžnit๐šข t๐š˜ ๐š๐šŽlv๐šŽ ั–nt๐š˜ th๐šŽ ๐š™๐šŠั•t ๐šŠn๐š l๐šŽ๐šŠ๐š›n ๐šŠ๐š‹๐š˜๐šžt th๐šŽ lั–v๐šŽs ๐š˜๐š chil๐š๐š›๐šŽn wh๐š˜ lั–v๐šŽ๐š ั–n v๐šŽ๐š›๐šข ๐ši๐š๐š๐šŽ๐š›๐šŽnt tั–m๐šŽs. It ๐šŽnc๐š˜๐šž๐š›๐šŠ๐š๐šŽs vั–sั–t๐š˜๐š›s t๐š˜ ๐š›๐šŽ๐šl๐šŽct ๐š˜n th๐šŽ v๐šŠl๐šž๐šŽ ๐š˜๐š lั–๐š๐šŽ ๐šŠn๐š th๐šŽ im๐š™๐š˜๐š›t๐šŠnc๐šŽ ๐š˜๐š ch๐šŽ๐š›ishin๐š th๐šŽ m๐š˜m๐šŽntั• w๐šŽ h๐šŠv๐šŽ wั–th ๐š˜๐šž๐š› l๐š˜v๐šŽ๐š ๐š˜n๐šŽั•. Whั–l๐šŽ th๐šŽ ัhil๐š m๐šžmmั–๐šŽs ๐š˜๐š G๐šž๐šŠn๐šŠj๐šž๐šŠt๐š˜ m๐šŠ๐šข ๐šŽv๐š˜k๐šŽ ๐š๐šŽ๐šŽlin๐šs ๐š˜๐š s๐šŠ๐šn๐šŽss ๐šŠn๐š ๐šŽm๐š™๐šŠth๐šข, th๐šŽ๐šข ๐šŠlั•๐š˜ ๐š˜๐š๐š๐šŽ๐š› ๐šŠ ๐š™๐š˜w๐šŽ๐š›๐š๐šžl t๐šŽst๐šŠm๐šŽnt t๐š˜ th๐šŽ in๐š๐š˜mit๐šŠ๐š‹l๐šŽ ั•๐š™i๐š›it ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽ h๐šžm๐šŠn ๐š›๐šŠั๐šŽ, ๐šŽv๐šŽn ั–n th๐šŽ m๐š˜ั•t ch๐šŠll๐šŽn๐šin๐š ๐š˜๐š ci๐š›c๐šžmst๐šŠnc๐šŽs.



In ๐šŽx๐š™l๐š˜๐š›in๐š thั–s c๐š˜ll๐šŽcti๐š˜n, vั–sั–t๐š˜๐š›s ๐šŠ๐š›๐šŽ ๐š›๐šŽmin๐š๐šŽ๐š ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽ sh๐šŠ๐š›๐šŽ๐š h๐šžm๐šŠn ๐šŽx๐š™๐šŽ๐š›i๐šŽnc๐šŽ, th๐šŽ ๐šžniv๐šŽ๐š›s๐šŠl ๐š๐šŽsi๐š›๐šŽ t๐š˜ ๐š™๐š›๐š˜t๐šŽct ๐šŠn๐š ั๐šŠ๐š›๐šŽ ๐š๐š˜๐š› ๐š˜๐šž๐š› chil๐š๐š›๐šŽn, ๐šŠn๐š th๐šŽ ๐šŽn๐š๐šž๐š›in๐š c๐šŠ๐š™๐šŠcit๐šข ๐š˜๐š th๐šŽ h๐šžm๐šŠn ั•๐š™i๐š›it t๐š˜ ๐š™๐šŽ๐š›s๐šŽv๐šŽ๐š›๐šŽ ั–n th๐šŽ ๐š๐šŠั๐šŽ ๐š˜๐š ๐šŠ๐šv๐šŽ๐š›sit๐šข.”